Freedom of Thought in Fahrenheit 451 Essay

Freedom of thought is taken for granted in today’s society, but in Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, society works differently. This freedom, or lack thereof, is not recognized until fireman, Guy Montag, proves to himself that thoughts are important. Through a maze of censorship and curiosity, Montag faces his government because of his interest in books. This book shows that everybody should have the right to think freely because it eases curiosity, promotes creativity and imagination, and encourages beliefs. Curiosity can become an obsession if it is not controlled. Montag becomes a puppet of his own curiosity, and as a result, he faces consequences unexpected by himself or anybody around him. Beatty, the cruel fire chief, even knows that â€Å"every fireman, sooner or later hits this,† or becomes curious about books (Bradbury 83). Even when Montag realizes that his inquiry can hurt his wife, Millie, he still continues to search for answers because he believes it to be the right thing to do for himself and the best thing for his city. His downfall directly affects everybody close to him. All people should have the right to be curious, but if thoughts were not controlled there would be fewer relationship problems and less confusion. Another reason freedom of thought is important is that it promotes creativity and imagination. This unique individuality is what makes a person who they are and what role they play in society. The people in society are much like books, so books are a symbol of people. A book has qualities that makes it different just as a person is made different by their own individuality. Therefore, â€Å"there must be something in books [people], things we can’t imagine† that makes an individual their own person (Bradbury 81). Imagination and free thought go hand in hand in similarity. This imagination, or free thought, is creativity; therefore, freedom of thought is important to individuality and society. In one case, Bradbury speaks of a woman who â€Å"spoils the ritual† and defies the law and is burnt with her books as if she were a martyr (Bradbury 66). This shows that the woman believed that books were okay and freedom of thought should be free. The woman’s belief cause governmental punishment that only pushed her to stand even more firm on what she believed. Also, beliefs create similarities in people who help them to genuinely relate to one another in authoritative situations and in general life. Some of these relations form friendships, and friendships form a web of peace in society and work places. For this reason, thoughts and beliefs are important in society to help maintain healthy relations and authority rolls. In today’s society, people can crush one’s freedom of thought by prohibiting it and discarding its importance. It is important to maintain a culture of free thought so that everybody can experience equality. Fahrenheit 451 is relevant to equality and freedom of thought because it shows Montag’s journey to promote these freedoms. When Montag overcomes his society and moves into the natural world he realizes just how important his thoughts are. In many ways, Montag is an example of the power of free thought and its effects of society. According to these facts, it is logical for all people to be able to have a right to free thought and the ability to develop themselves with the power of thoughts.

Theory Matrix

Many of his 14 points are process-driven, such as breaking down barriers between departments will lead to a reduction of waste, errors, and delay. His idea on constantly improving the system of production and service is customer-driven because it focuses on providing the best possible products to customers. Toyota Curran Focuses on parts of the organization, not whole. He also defined quality as â€Å"fitness for use†, and developed concept of cost of quality.Three basic steps to progress Ten steps to quality improvement The Curran Trilogy Saran's Praetor Principle Curran was an engineer and he firmly believed that quality does not happen accidentally, therefore all of his theories are process driven – organizations deed to determine who its customers are and plan for quality through every step of the process. Quality planning is the first stage of his trilogy and is basically aligning an organization's products and processes with customers' needs.Bausch & Lomb Chickasa ws He focused on user friendly quality control and emphasized the internal customer. Cause and effect diagram (fishbone diagram) Quality circles He emphasized on the internal customer, meaning that during each step in the creation of a product or service, the department will need to treat the ext department as a â€Å"customer†, so that quality is controlled at every step. This is how Jigsaw's method is process-driven because every process is tightly connected to the next.His quality requirement is customer-driven because he pushed for the concept of company wide quality control that called for continued customer service. He believe that management should not merely focus on improving a product's quality, and insisted that quality improvement can always go one step further. Nippon Telephone & Telegraph used quality circles. Crosby He coined the phrase â€Å"quality is free† and introduced the concept of zero defects. He also believed in team building approach that is o rganization wide.Four absolutes of quality management Idea of zero defects He believes in the process of educating the entire workforce about quality principles, so when each failure is well-documented, management can institute formal programs to redesign faulty production processes. His view of how quality is not some vague concept of â€Å"goodness†; you can't have quality that is good enough, he wants zero defect and it's customer driven because e said specifications must be set according to customer needs and wants. Glenn L. Martin Company (1912-1961) Figment He introduced the concept of total quality control, which has 40 steps.He promoted the idea of a work environment in which both management and employees have a total commitment to improve quality, and people learn from each others successes. Total quality control in 40 steps (also termed â€Å"company-wide quality control†), which was later known as Total Quality Management. It is process driven because he bel ieved that quality must be actively managed and have the usability at the highest levels of management, therefore, it is important that each employee does his part correctly so the whole process is correct, and quality might become nobody job.

A study to determine how managers and leaders can motivate a multicultural staff

Cox and Beale (1997 cited Harvey and Allard 2005) define diversity as a group of people in a social system that has different group ties. On the other hand, Thomas (1999 cited Harvey and Allard 2005:p3) defines diversity including not only differences but also similarities, indicating that diversity is â€Å"individuals who are different in some ways and similar in others†.As it was mentioned before, diversity in a workforce includes employees with a variety of backgrounds in terms of race, gender, education, sexual orientation among others. This study will be focused on the understanding of a cultural diverse workforce with the aim of examining its influences on management styles.For this, it is necessary to point out some important definitions and topics that are relevant to management style in an international and heterogeneous business environment to motivate employees. Hofstede, Trompenaars and Hall & Hall are three of the most important and significant contributors in wh at culture and workplace differences regard (Mullins, 2005).General Overview and History of the TopicThe term managing diversity is nowadays becoming more important to organisations, not only because they are interested in diverse groups or they are up to date with the Equal Opportunities legislation and policies, but because they are facing important challenges related to the management and development within a diverse workforce in order to survive in today’s global marketplace (Edwards, 1991 cited Henderson 1994).Ten years ago, the majority of organisations did not think about diversity in the workplace with the intention of having benefit from it. Today, a vast percentage of organisations take advantage of diversity initiatives to enhance organisational performance and most important, they are committed to it (Berrios, 2003 cited Liberman, 2003).According to Mor Barak (2005), managing diversity is basically to bring together employees from different backgrounds. However, t his definition does not take into account the influence that it might have on management behaviours.According to Harvey and Allard (2005), diversity can affect people’s interactions in the workplace since it requires changes not only in the way people interact within each other, but also changes in the functionality of the organization, hence in the business’ performance.Rationale For The StudyManaging diversity is a reality that all Multinationals and International companies are facing. Most organisations nowadays are adapting programmes to manage a culturally diverse workforce in order to fulfil their objectives and gain place in the global competitive marketplace, making the most of its employees potential.Globalisation is one of the reasons workers are moving across borders, increasing the heterogeneity of organisations and development of cross-cultural interaction in order to enhance alliances that go beyond differences such as race, gender, and others (Harris et al, 2004).Not going much further, the European Union is the most important phenomenon of cultural diversity that has happened in the last 20 years. With 25 different countries as members where all of them has different cultures, the EU has faced the challenges that globalisation has brought in order to reach common objectives such as encouraging innovation and business investment through Union identity and national diversity (European Union, 2006).In the early 21st century, organisations have been through important changes related to this trend of globalisation where not only factors such as international competitive pressure and business activities have taken place, but also the diversity of human capital from all around the world where cross-cultural interaction has been in expansion (Mullins, 2005).Therefore, it is important that these companies identify their strategies when managing cultural differences in order to have the right opportunities to gain competitive advantage (Sch neider and Barsoux, 2003).Nevertheless, there are also some risks than can bring difference of cultures in the workplace or business activities; consequently, it is vital that organisations understand that different cultures execute procedures differently (Pooley, 2005; Adler, 1983 cited Miroshnik, 2002).Furthermore, and being more specific, the management of these ethnically diverse workforce has been on the spot of many authors. As Tayeb (1996; p180-181) says â€Å"the first step in the management of a diverse workforce is to recognise and value such diversity†, then he argues that â€Å"once the diversity is recognised, the next step is to ensure that it is effectively utilised and handled†.In this case, utilising those differences contributes to an effective management, thus to bring opportunities for organisational learning and innovation creating competitive advantage in the global marketplace (Schneider and Bardoux, 2003; Mor Barak, 2005).To gain this, managers must have the needed skills to manage a multicultural workforce, this includes, having the ability to recognise and accept cultural differences between their workers as well as coordination, cooperation and communications (Lane et al, 1997; Ravlin et al cited Earley and Singh, 2000).Significance and the Importance of the StudyManaging culturally diverse workforce is nowadays a challenge for international managers. On one hand, diversity represents both differences and similarities that exists on individuals and which make them be unique from one to another (Buelens et al, 2002); and on the other hand Parekh (2000) defines culture as â€Å"a system of beliefs and practices in terms of which a group of human beings understand, regulate and structure their individual and collective lives†.Thus, cultural diversity is a variety of cultural differences that requires awareness, understanding and acceptance of those differences by managers, making the most of them in order to gain po sitive outcomes (Scarborough, 2001; Littrell, 2002; Harris et al, 2004; Smith and Peterson, 2005).Cultural differences might have some influences in the way managers manage and motivate their culturally diverse team, and those ways or styles that are carried out in one culture are difficult to be implemented in another due to the difference of traditions, ways of doing things and values of that culture (Hofstede cited Evans et al cited Jackson, 1995).Therefore, further investigation is recommended to be developed to minimise cultural shock in management which could affect business performance. However, this study has been done to offer an up-to-date source of information about multicultural workforce and its influences on management style to motivate employees, which is going to be executed through secondary research.Hence, factors such as cultural diversity and management style should be analyzed in-depth in order to comprehend what may constrain managers of any multinational organ isation to adjust strategies to maintain the business addressed to its objectives.In this case, there have been other studies more related to the influence or impact of organisational and national culture on management styles and although managing diversity is a topic that has been researched for various authors, it can be said that managing and motivating a culturally diverse workforce is a relative new approach.Therefore, the purpose is to do academic research by studying the related existing literature reviews to analyse and understand the influence of a multicultural workforce in the management styles.Finally, a secondary aim of this research is to encourage people to take similar investigation so as to offer useful up-to-date sources that can help both organisations and researchers to acknowledge what is happening in international business and what forces are influencing the changes within organisations. A study to determine how managers and leaders can motivate a multicultural staff Cox and Beale (1997 cited Harvey and Allard 2005) define diversity as a group of people in a social system that has different group ties. On the other hand, Thomas (1999 cited Harvey and Allard 2005:p3) defines diversity including not only differences but also similarities, indicating that diversity is â€Å"individuals who are different in some ways and similar in others†.As it was mentioned before, diversity in a workforce includes employees with a variety of backgrounds in terms of race, gender, education, sexual orientation among others.This study will be focused on the understanding of a cultural diverse workforce with the aim of examining its influences on management styles.   For this, it is necessary to point out some important definitions and topics that are relevant to management style in an international and heterogeneous business environment to motivate employees.Hofstede, Trompenaars and Hall & Hall are three of the most important and significant contributors in what culture and workplace differences regard (Mullins, 2005).a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   General Overview and History of the TopicThe term managing diversity is nowadays becoming more important to organisations, not only because they are interested in diverse groups or they are up to date with the Equal Opportunities legislation and policies, but because they are facing important challenges related to the management and development within a diverse workforce in order to survive in today’s global marketplace (Edwards, 1991 cited Henderson 1994).Ten years ago, the majority of organisations did not think about diversity in the workplace with the intention of having benefit from it. Today, a vast percentage of organisations take advantage of diversity initiatives to enhance organisational performance and most important, they are committed to it (Berrios, 2003 cited Liberman, 2003).According to Mor Barak (2005), managing diversity is basically to bring together employees from differe nt backgrounds. However, this definition does not take into account the influence that it might have on management behaviours.According to Harvey and Allard (2005), diversity can affect people’s interactions in the workplace since it requires changes not only in the way people interact within each other, but also changes in the functionality of the organization, hence in the business’ performance.b)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Rationale For The StudyManaging diversity is a reality that all Multinationals and International companies are facing. Most organisations nowadays are adapting programmes to manage a culturally diverse workforce in order to fulfil their objectives and gain place in the global competitive marketplace, making the most of its employees potential.Globalisation is one of the reasons workers are moving across borders, increasing the heterogeneity of organisations and development of cross-cultural interaction in order to enhance alliances that go beyond differe nces such as race, gender, and others (Harris et al, 2004).Not going much further, the European Union is the most important phenomenon of cultural diversity that has happened in the last 20 years. With 25 different countries as members where all of them has different cultures, the EU has faced the challenges that globalisation has brought in order to reach common objectives such as encouraging innovation and business investment through Union identity and national diversity (European Union, 2006).In the early 21st century, organisations have been through important changes related to this trend of globalisation where not only factors such as international competitive pressure and business activities have taken place, but also the diversity of human capital from all around the world where cross-cultural interaction has been in expansion (Mullins, 2005).Therefore, it is important that these companies identify their strategies when managing cultural differences in order to have the right opportunities to gain competitive advantage (Schneider and Barsoux, 2003).Nevertheless, there are also some risks than can bring difference of cultures in the workplace or business activities; consequently, it is vital that organisations understand that different cultures execute procedures differently (Pooley, 2005; Adler, 1983 cited Miroshnik, 2002).Furthermore, and being more specific, the management of these ethnically diverse workforce has been on the spot of many authors. As Tayeb (1996; p180-181) says â€Å"the first step in the management of a diverse workforce is to recognise and value such diversity†, then he argues that â€Å"once the diversity is recognised, the next step is to ensure that it is effectively utilised and handled†.In this case, utilising those differences contributes to an effective management, thus to bring opportunities for organisational learning and innovation creating competitive advantage in the global marketplace (Schneider and Bardou x, 2003; Mor Barak, 2005).To gain this, managers must have the needed skills to manage a multicultural workforce, this includes, having the ability to recognise and accept cultural differences between their workers as well as coordination, cooperation and communications (Lane et al, 1997; Ravlin et al cited Earley and Singh, 2000).c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Significance and the Importance of the StudyManaging culturally diverse workforce is nowadays a challenge for international managers. On one hand, diversity represents both differences and similarities that exists on individuals and which make them be unique from one to another (Buelens et al, 2002); and on the other hand Parekh (2000) defines culture as â€Å"a system of beliefs and practices in terms of which a group of human beings understand, regulate and structure their individual and collective lives†.Thus, cultural diversity is a variety of cultural differences that requires awareness, understanding and acceptance of th ose differences by managers, making the most of them in order to gain positive outcomes (Scarborough, 2001; Littrell, 2002; Harris et al, 2004; Smith and Peterson, 2005).Cultural differences might have some influences in the way managers manage and motivate their culturally diverse team, and those ways or styles that are carried out in one culture are difficult to be implemented in another due to the difference of traditions, ways of doing things and values of that culture (Hofstede cited Evans et al cited Jackson, 1995).Therefore, further investigation is recommended to be developed to minimise cultural shock in management which could affect business performance. However, this study has been done to offer an up-to-date source of information about multicultural workforce and its influences on management style to motivate employees, which is going to be executed through secondary research.Hence, factors such as cultural diversity and management style should be analyzed in-depth in or der to comprehend what may constrain managers of any multinational organisation to adjust strategies to maintain the business addressed to its objectives.

Porters generic strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Porters generic strategies - Essay Example â€Å"Total quality management operates under the principles of continuous improvement of quality as opposed to maintenance of a static level† (Gattorna, 1998). It aims at approaching quality at an increasing scale. This is possible through training and motivation of employees so as to better quality. It is therefore paramount for the top management to state their commitment open to all employees. The advantage of the mode is that it has the ability to immediately detect and correct quality problems. It doesn’t rectify problems after occurrence. â€Å"Just in Time† is a philosophy in management that seeks to eliminate manufacturing wastes by producing right quantity at the right time and at the right place. Its main goal is to do away with non-value adding operations during production. Lean production or stockless production is a philosophy that aims at reducing inventory levels to an absolute minimum. Looking closely at the three aspects, Just in Time increases production, performance and quality in manufacturing industry. Lean, controls stock levels to avoid unnecessary production while Total Quality Management works towards good quality of products. The three aspects support each other in a manufacturing environment. â€Å"Toyota manufacturing industry adopted this principle which saw a reduction in manufacturing defects and parts storage problem† Management in transnational organisations is a challenging task especially in decisions making pertaining to supply chain.

Definition of Family Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Definition of Family - Research Paper Example Lastly, he acknowledged adoptive parents and homosexual partners with or without children as a family. The definitions given have a lot in common. All the respondents recognize that a family must have parents and their children. Respondent A, for example, identified a father, mother, and children as the core members of the family. Similar sentiments were given by respondents B and C who viewed the union of parents and children as the family. Another similarity in their definitions was the concept of people with shared interests coming together to form a family. It is common to hear religious groups refer themselves as families because the members aim to worship and do things that please their creator. Apart from respondent A, the other two did not echo the idea of relatives as part of the family. Although the extended family comprises of relatives, the two respondents chose to omit them in their definitions. Respondent C said homosexual partners also qualify to be a family. The other respondents had no idea of gay and lesbian families.I define family as the basic social group that comprises of parents and their children or people with shared values and dwell in the same place. According to Eggenberger et al. (2006), a family is a significant social unit that acts as the foundation of society and its cultures. The journal supports my definition because a family is the basis of a community. Family networks help connect different people to form a society with shared values.

E potfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

E potfolio - Essay Example Consequently, developments in information systems also involve social and political relationships-and thus ethical consideration in how information is used is all the more important. Government records, workplaces and private lives of the people are within the reach of the system and it is a vital responsibility now to balance the needs and rights of everyone. While everything with online security systems seems very user friendly and tends to make life easier for a management team, there is also a significantly dangerous side to the use of online information systems. One of them happens to be cyber crime. Typically, cyber crime can be divided into four categories; theft, fraud, copyright infringement and attacks. With the popularization of the internet and its several weak links, hackers find it possible to break into security systems where they have access to a person's key personal data such as social security numbers, date of birth, driver's license numbers and credit card informa tion. Affected individuals have experienced fraudulent financial transactions, and false accusations of crimes they have never committed which begin showing against their names on their personal record files. Information systems are vulnerable to physical attacks, electronic hacking, viruses and natural disasters.

Human Services Program and Profession Discussion UNIT 6 Research Paper

Human Services Program and Profession Discussion UNIT 6 - Research Paper Example More so, today several laws were made with the purpose of protecting a child’s right (Stein, 2006). These laws include protection from abuse, exploitation, discrimination and neglect. Second right to a provision in terms of education health and a standard of living and the right to participation in communities and have services and programs for children. These laws have developed gradually since the orphan train. Children and adolescents are sometimes unable to verbalize their thoughts about what they are feeling and want they go through during the day. Some of the health issues they face include anxiety, suicidal thoughts, depression, drug use and long term behavioral problems such as conduct disorder. According to mental health professionals in schools, some of these emotional and behavioral problems are because of school violence or bullying (Finch, 2012). These issues can be treated by observing the child or the teen, and analyzing the frequency of the problem. The two agencies in child, adolescent and family are The National Association of Child Care Recourse and Referral Agencies (NACCRRA) and The Administration of Children and Families (ACF). The ACF is a federal agency that provides programs that are related to children family issues, such as, childcare and support, and child welfare. The NACCRRA objective is to make sure families get access to the best and affordable health care (Pecora, 2009) the agency also maintains state childcare resources as well as programs or people that care for

Coronary Heart Disease Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Coronary Heart Disease - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that coronary heart disease is caused by a waxy substance named plaque forms up inside the coronary arteries. The arteries which carry oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. If the plate breaks, a blood clot will be formed on its surface, which will block the flow of blood into the coronary artery causing heart failure. The research will emphasis on the possible causes of the coronary disease as well as its prevention mechanisms. In line with the research carried out by the national institute of health in Merced country California, coronary heart disease is one of the diseases that cause most deaths in the city. In relation to the quantitative data, Merced is rated to be the 46th in the number of death used b coronary heart disease basing on the age, the mortality rate in the year 2006-210, 25 deaths per 110,000 of the population caused by coronary heart disease. Moreover, 16,000 people in Merced County alone diagnosed with coronary heart di sease which 9% of the total population of Merced County. In addition, obesity being one of the causes of coronary heart disease is also ranked top have affected 29% of the total population of Merced County, showing that greater possibility of an increase in death rates caused by coronary heart disease. Most of the research conducted has got a positive impact on the people of Merced County at large. Because the facts gathered apparently shows the causes of coronary heart disease, and how it can be avoided and prevented at the same time.

The After math of WW1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The After math of WW1 - Essay Example In regards to the effect on minorities of Europe after the First World War according to Spielvogel (2011) there are numerous negative consequences for these various groups. After the war a number of empires were broken up, in which various peoples that had cohabited in relative peace now were blaming each other for the economic woes brought on in the post war period. For example, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire there were a significant number of Czechs, Germans, Italians Hungarians, Poles, Serbs, and Slovenes (Amongst others) with this distribution of people there is no question that there would be a significant number of skirmishes between communities dominated by one group against their minorities. As a result of this a number of bilateral minority treaties which corresponded with the League of Nations Mandates. Some examples were the Polish Minority Treaty, or in the Austrian context, the Treaty of St. Germain-en Laye (Australasian Legal Information Institute, 1999). However, it th e negative effects on minorities in post WWI Europe would have been prominently felt in Germany (Especially once the nation began to be dominated by the National Socialists). Once the party came into power a number of sweeping laws came into effect that had sever consequences for minority groups. Some examples would be the Law for the Prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring (Facing History Campus, 2011) which forced compulsory sterilization of people suffering from hereditary diseased and later children of mixed parentage. This only represents a fraction of the overall policies that negatively affected minorities during the post-war period. The next issue to be addressed is the penalties that were to be paid by the Germans according to the Treaty of Versailles. According to The Discovery Channel (2011) there were a number of monetary and political implications from the treaty. For example there was significant loss of German territory. Germany was to cede the Alsace-Lorraine reg ion to France, Northern Schleswig was ceded to Denmark, and West Prussia was given to Poland ultimately amounting to approximately 65 thousand square kilometers lost to foreign nations in Europe. There were also significant overseas territories such as Namibia, Cameroon and a number of island territories in Oceania that had to be given up. In terms of military implications from the treaty of Versailles, Germany was forced to keep the size of its armed forces to fewer than 100,000 combatants, serious restrictions were placed on where the nation could build fortifications, air forces were completely forbidden and the navy was restricted to small ships. Moreover, according to the Discovery Channel (2011) one additional consequence was that the Kaiser Wilhelm II was supposed to be tried as a war criminal, but owing to the fact that he had fled to the Netherlands (Who refused to extradite him) no trial ever took place. The final major consequence was the financial implications from the c onflict meant that Germany was ordered to pay war reparations to the allied forces to help offset the costs that the allied nations had incurred as part of the war effort but Germany was also held responsible for the damages to civilian infrastructure as well. Prior to the outbreak of the Second World War, Germany had not paid off the entirety of their war reparations. However, according to ‘The Local’ (2010) the total cost was 132 billion Reichmarks which is approximately â‚ ¬

Before Anyone Is Admitted Into The Military Forces Essay Example for Free

Before Anyone Is Admitted Into The Military Forces Essay Before anyone is admitted into the military forces, or positions concerning keeping the lives of other safe, they must go through a series of physical tests and training to see if they can adequately perform their duties .Physical training is done before a trainee enters and continues periodically as long as the trainee remains throughout. Physical training includes running, push-ups, sit ups, pull ups and other strenuous calisthenics. Testing is more demanding for the younger and more potent bodies, and is harder to complete. For example, young men, ages 20-29, entering police departments in Illinois are expected to do 38 sit-ups in one minute, while the men, age 50-59, are expected to only complete 24. Younger men are expected to bench press nearly 100% of their own body weight. This factor comes into key for lifting bodies; say out of dangerous situations, while older men are expected to lift only 71%. Not only does age contribute to the factor of how much training needs to be completed, but gender does as well. There are plenty of women present and working hard in military forces, and other jobs involving the safety of everyday citizens. Young women in Illinois, ages 20-29, are expected to do 32 sit-ups in one minute, women, and age 50-59, barely 14. One will notice that the requirements for the women are less demanding, to that of their male counterparts. So the argument now is: should women be expected to complete the same amount of physical training as men? To answer this question, people should consider that male and female bodies were originally evolved, or were designed to complete very different jobs, men being hunters, while women gathered small fruits and berries and tended to the home. Of course, hunting is much of physical and demanded more than picking a few berries off a nearby bush, so it required a more able body for the job. Women were not even able to participate in army forces till 1775 and the first battle ever is dated back to nearly 1479BCE. Women still were not even completing the same jobs though as the men. In 1775 they simply tended to the wounded, cooked, and cleaned, nowhere near marching side by side in combat. The first women were not even admitted into military services academy’s until 1976 and not deployed into dangerous combat zones until 1991. Therefore women should not be expected to complete the same amount of training as men. Ariel White Mrs. LaToya Brown English 102 March 8, 2015 Title: Military Fitness Testing: Should the Bar be Lowered on Women’s Standard’s? Topic: the federal government should lower physical requirement guidelines so that women may admitted into the military (or fire/police departments). Thesis: During physical testing for military positions, women should not be held to the same standards as to their male counterparts.

Is Language An Instinct Education Essay

Is Language An Instinct Education Essay As you are reading these words, you are taking part in one of the wonders of the natural world. Linguists have continually been bewildered by language and the language debate which has been inundated with arguments by several professionals to support either the instinctive or learned side of the debate. So, in 1994 when The Language Instinct by psychologist Steven Pinker was published, it reignited the discussion. His book utilized the concepts developed by Chomsky who believed that language was instinctive due to a universal grammar- an innate design containing characteristics common to every human language. The other side of the argument builds on the theories by Karl Popper. Geoffrey Sampson (1997) and other linguists held the belief that language is developed by observing and learning from others because we are born with a blank slate. In this essay I will discuss both sides of the arguments in the hope of concluding whether or not language is an instinct. On the one hand, those who believe that language is an instinct express that language is not learned and does not depend on having had the best education. Linguistic ability is not learned like the way we learn to tell the time, or the way we learn to tie our shoelaces. Instead, it is a specialised and intricate skill which forms part of the brain, and develops in a child without conscious effort (Pinker, 2007). Behaviourists claim a childs imitation of their parents language initiates a childs language, yet there are examples of imitation which do not support this concept. Pinker (2007) uses the example that if children imitate parents then why is it that children do not imitate their parents quiet behaviour on airplanes? Chomsky (1980) produced an argument based on the poverty of the stimulus which stated that language is not learned because the information babies are exposed to is much less complex than the data and the rules they end up gaining. Therefore, it is doubtful that language is obtained through a method which consists of learning only. Instead his work suggests that a significant part of language is innate. It is important to consider the idea of universal grammar because if this is genuine and all human languages have aspects in common, then it is possible to say that language is instinctive (Schlenker, 2006). Chomsky supposed that language is innate because every language has a mutual structural basis since there is a part of the human brain which encompasses a limited set of rules, known as universal grammar, for managing language. Another argument to support the statement that language is an instinct is the idea that children invent language. Children may construct a new language, the rules of which seem to be established by that of universal grammar, when they have not been exposed to a clear and logical language. An example of this is the creation of creoles which are languages generated by children who have grown up in an environment involving the use of pidgins (languages that have progressed as a way for people to communicate when there is not a common language between them). Pinker (2007) expressed that in communities where the adults had conversed with a pidgin, the children who had only been exposed to this pidgin transformed it into a creole. The development of language by deaf children in Nicaragua is another similar example to illustrate the view that language is an instinct. In the 1980s when schools for deaf children were built, the children who first started attending the schools developed a meth od of communicating using signs, which was pidgin-like in nature. We can assume a dissociation between language and intelligence because even when intelligence is lessened language withstands. There are two particular cases which provide evidence for this and, in turn, the language instinct: when individuals have average intelligence but their language is significantly impaired; or, when individuals experience an impaired intelligence yet their language is normal. Brocas aphasics and Selective Language Impairment (SLI) patients provide evidence for the first example because they have a normal intelligence but experience extreme problems with their linguistic ability. Brocas aphasics specifically struggle with the production of language and comprehension, whereas SLI patients particularly face problems with the organisation of words into sentences (Expressive Aphasia, 2012). On the other hand, Williams syndrome patients are individuals suffering from an impaired intelligence but normal linguistics ability. Their language is even more developed than others of their age and they can converse with strangers at complete ease. However, they have a low intelligence due to abnormalities in parts of the brain including the cerebellum, right parietal cortex, and left frontal cortical areas (Williams Syndrome, 2012). Eve was not a born know-all. She was ignorant. But she was a good learner (Sampson, 1997). On the other side of the argument Geoffrey Sampson, and many others, for example, contemporary linguist Givon, believed that Pinker and Chomskys argument that language is purely instinctive is neither adequate nor plausible. The main belief expressed by Sampson (1997 or 2012) was that children can effectively learn languages because all individuals are good at learning anything that they are exposed to, it is not fixed structures in part of the brain which contain this in-built knowledge. Behaviourists vocalise that language is learned early in a childs life and consists of many complex systems. Although most children who are five years old have enough vocabulary to be able to communicate competently with others, there are individual differences between children in the capacity of their vocabulary (Blewitt, 2006). Research has found that language is linked to a childs home and school environment (Cunningham, Stanovich, West, 1994, as cited in Blewitt, 2006), and that the variety and amount of language the children are exposed to by conversations with their parents are linked to a childs vocabulary. In a study conducted in 1992 which was conducted over 2 years with visits made to children every month at their home. There were two conditions with participants from either poor families on benefits, lower middle class families (mainly occupying blue collar jobs), or upper middle class with at least one professional parent (Hart Risley, 1992, 1995, as cited in Blewitt, 2 006). All of the parents were actively engaged in playing with their children but the amount of verbal communication each group made with their child was different. In a week, consisting of 100 hours, a child with a professional parent hears 215,000 words but only 62,000 in the poorest homes. By the age of three, there was a positive correlation between the input of the parent and the language of the child. Furthermore, when the researchers looked at just one of the socioeconomic categories, therefore social class was not a factor in the result, the more language the child was exposed to, the more advanced the childs vocabulary. This provides strong support for the idea that language is learned rather than instinctive. John Locke provided the contrary view to naturists by claiming that experience is vital in the development of language. He states that a child is not born with knowledge and the concept of reason, but what is important as the child grows up is the exposure to language and so, it is by degrees he comes to be furnished with them (Sampson, 1997). This particular view which expresses that experience is the cause of all knowledge is known as empiricism. The clear objection to the view that language is instinctive instead of learned, as Chomsky and other naturists believed, is that we would expect everyone to grow up talking in the same language. However, people do not all speak the same language and the differences in the language people speak does not rely on our biological makeup. For example, if a newborn English baby grows up in Japan by Japanese speaking adoptive parents then they will become fluent in speaking Japanese speaker rather than fluent in speaking English. Without a language rich environment which nurturists see as essential for a child to develop language, a child will not acquire the capability to speak. Profoundly deaf children complete the first developmental stages towards speech such as babbling at the same time as those children who cannot hear. However, they rarely grow up into speakers because without the capability of hearing themselves or other people around them, they decrease the amountof babbling which rarely leads to word development (Kiel, 1998). In conclusion, the language debate has provoked much controversy amongst naturists and nurturists. Pinker and other naturists believe language is instinctive and their beliefs continue on from Darwins account that the gradual evolution of instincts generally by natural selection could be applied also to the human acquisition of the capacity for language () On the other hand, Sampson and other nurturists have found significant evidence to support the idea that children are born with blank slates and that it is by observation and imitation of parents and those around them that they develop the linguistic ability early in their lives until age 6-10 when children can converse effectively in challenging settings (Language Development, 2012). It is expected that a combination of an innate instinct to produce syntax with the imitation of the language of parents is the key to a child developing an extensive language.

Hamlet The Central Dilemma :: essays research papers

HAMLET ESSAY â€Å"The central dilemma in Hamlet is the character and life’s journey of a man whose mind is in paralysis. To what extent is this an adequate summary of Hamlet?'; Hamlet certainly is a play with complex themes and issues. As we read through the rich script we uncover many dilemmas and issues that have great bearing on the direction of the play, and the consequences of the character’s actions. One such character is, of course, Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. It is around this man that the play revolves, and his thoughts and actions are closely followed and developed as the play progresses. It has been said that the central dilemma of the play is that Hamlet’s mind is in paralysis, meaning simply that he is incapable of action, his mind incapable of derivative thought. While this is extremely important for the play, the reason that this occurs can clearly be seen as a more important part of the play. All the other themes contribute to the task of making Hamlet appear paralysed in thought and action. He is not however a man without motive for his apparent indecision, and eventual action. However what does appear to be the central theme in Hamlet is the revenge tragedy dilemma. This central issue is the seed that has spawned the generation of the other themes of the play. Hamlet’s father has been murdered in cold blood by the scheming and adulterous Claudius by pouring poison into King Hamlet’s ear while he slept, in order to succeed him to the throne. A ghost in the form of Hamlet’s father appears to Hamlet, revealing to him that the King of Denmark is corrupt and a murderer, and that he must revenge his death. However the ghost was very specific in saying that he must revenge his death without implicating his mother, or corrupting himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul contrive   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Against thy mother aught. Leave her to heaven';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  -Act I Scene 5. The circumstances surrounding the death of his father, and his discovery of the fact through meeting with the ghost, are the reasons for his apparent paralysis of the mind. Hamlet has many issues to face here, the first being the question of ethics – revenge and honour versus moral purity. In his soliloquy in Act 2 Scene 2, he questions himself, and asks himself why he fails to act, and asks how a player can fight with such conviction a cause that is not his own, when he, with a cause so worthy of action, does nothing.

Essays on Death and Suicide - Waiting for Death :: Personal Narrative Writing

Personal Narrative- Waiting for Death She suspects she has only ever had one true affair with the knife, and all those since have been meager attempts at regurgitation, petty rivalries borne of intention and tainted by the anticlimax of recreation. She sits daily watching the synthetic roses, virulent with red, fluoresce persistently on the porch. Moth bitten, with broken stems and a hairline crack running the length of the ceramic pot that marks their station on the brick step. She sits observing their activity, disassociates herself from the solemn sermon their blushing heads deliver, ducking in the wind. Waiting for something to happen. She has lost, or perceives she has lost (and looks for death on the horizon because she fears she has lost) the ability to make things occur. How useful youth was in the day to day creation of happenings. Now she has displaced the seasons, and the pleasant expanse of nothingness, a featureless backdrop, assimilates itself to her emotionless countenance, as she welcomes the weather. Her father’s house, in the Polish town. Its healthy walls, its strong bone structure. She found it easily, buried knee-deep in the liquid winter, and enquired of the locals as to whether anyone currently resided there. They regarded her, not more obliging than they were wary, with the heavy, knowing gaze of people carrying the burden of the past – both pervasive and private. Her accent was rusty, the native tongue had long since been liberated – a stray cut loose from its derelict cultural confinement. She spoke in dislocated dialogue; the secure, prosaic language of dinner parties and familial get-togethers. Of pleasantries exchanged between well-wishing strangers. Broken German from an elementary text-book. How she hated the sluggish tongue, the barren vowels that tripped reluctantly from the lips, imprisoned by the teeth. The English language seemed a positive ballad of elegant syllables. She had wished never to hear these sunken verbs again. She had tried to forget it all, but they spoke with a dramatic flourish, demanding that she remember, their tone didactic and intense with purpose. Those primitive villagers, deeply set in their archaic ways, the spit in the palm. Such old gestures seem a blessing on unimaginative bones, bones of gypsy ancestry; wrapped in incense and adorned with elaborate jewelry. She briefly caught the delicate, sickly scent of patchouli and lavender, an odor that seeped from their pores, traveled on the breath and suggested unrelenting hardship and wisdom and infinite strength.

Comparing Moral Systems in Lord of the Flies, Crime and Punishment, Scarlet Letter, and Pygmalion :: comparison compare contrast essays

Superficial Moral Systems Exposed in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s Crime and Punishment, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, and George Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion    "The superficial nature of human moral systems" is a valid concern in society today. This has always been a factor in society that authors have felt the need to address. People see the hypocrisy in themselves and know that it exists in others. The manners that are so commonly used in public are rarely practiced in private. Most people are ashamed to say and do what they believe is right when they are in public. This understanding causes people to worry what other human beings are doing out of the public view. If it weren't for the opinions of others, most of the popular ideas on morality would not be implemented at all. In The Lord of the Flies, the morality of apparently civilized boys gradually seems to vanish in direct relation to the amount of time that they are separated from society. They never understood why they had behaved themselves before they were stranded on the island. They only repeated the moral systems of their parents just as any other perfunctory gesture. As soon as they are on their own, they begin to do what is easiest rather than what is "proper." This concept is not far from what the reaction to any person would be in this situation. If someone found that suddenly he were not longer responsible to anyone, his life would greatly change from the way it was before. People do many things to please family and friends. People only do what is expected. If moral behavior is no longer expected, it will stop being practiced. A perfect example of this human hypocrisy lies in The Scarlet Letter's Arthur Dimmesdale. To his congregation, Dimmesdale is an icon of morality, but he knows better. Every night he beats himself with a "bloody scourge" because he knows that while he is preaching against adultery, he has committed this act. In his Puritan society, what he has done is not allowed. Not only does he not want to be punished, but he also wants to keep his influence in the community. The public opinion is dear to him. He has convinced himself that it is better for everyone if he does not confess, but he knows that he is lying to himself.

Bright Light Therapy

Bright Light Therapy, also known as light therapy or phototherapy, is a relatively new treatment method that is still being researched to define its usage and effectiveness. Light therapy is the treatment of certain psychological disorders via exposure to bright fluorescent lights for up to four hours a day or as little as fifteen minutes a day. Light exposure is thought to regulate melatonin levels in the blood and, as such, has been most effective in treating seasonally affective disorder or SAD (Columbia 2).However, the method has been researched to treat other common disorders as well. Sleep insomnia, dementia and some forms of skin cancer are a few of the examples. Just like with any other alternative medical treatment to pharmacological methods, light therapy has come under strong critical review and its implementation has been low compared to drug therapies. History Historically, humans were not thought to be affected by seasonal changes in day length (Rohan et al 491).Because of this, currently accepted seasonal disorders such as SAD were not known in the medical field. It was not until doctors researched specific causes of depression that were known to become onset in late fall and remitted in the spring, was a connection made between time of sun exposure and depression (SLBTR. org). A new disorder, SAD had been defined and continues to be hotly debated today. Although light treatment can be dated all the way back to Aristotle, who suggested treatment for certain diseases by lying in the sun, modern methods began in the 1950’s (slbtr.org) Originally, light was used as a device for the removal of skin acne until research on the subject of light therapy was conducted by Dr Lewy in the 1980’s, the founder of the Society for Light Treatment and Biological Rhythms (slbtr. org). The first documented treatment of a person with SAD was an engineer complaining of depression that came at the same times each year. Two hours of artificial sunlight in both the morning and in the evening were administered at the first onset of depression.The treatment was deemed successful, and since then over 2,500 people have been treated for SAD as well as numerous other conditions with light therapy. Implementation and Use Light therapy is mostly thought to affect the levels of the light-sensitive hormone melatonin in the blood (Columbia. edu). It is this hormone that is responsible for day-night cycles of the body. When subjected to high levels of light the body is stimulated negatively to produce less melatonin or to â€Å"skip ahead† in its cycle. Thus, the effects of depression caused by SAD are avoided.Some of the long term effects of increased melatonin levels have also been studied with mixed results coming from treatment with light therapy. The exact implementation of the treatment varies greatly for different people. Some research has shown the most effective time of treatment to be in the waking hours or just before waking wh ile still others believe the best time to be in the evening hours just before bed. The length of time patients are exposed to the light also changes depending on how much the patient is affected or the severity of the issue.Still again, the intensity of the light can be changed according to personal comfort or need (Skjerve et al 518). The number of variables in the method of light therapy has prevented the successful study of the treatment in many instances. It is difficult to determine the correct level of treatment for conditions that in themselves have not yet been thoroughly documented. While potentially negative side effects in the use of light therapy are minimal they do still exist. Some patients experience nausea, headaches, or eyestrain/irritation. These are generally mild, though, and dissipate after just a few days (Columbia).Another, much more infrequent, effect of light therapy is a state of hyperactivity, called mania. This is typically observed in the late spring or summer months (Cancer. org). It is most easily prevented through constant supervision from the physician and proper light therapy usage. Retinal discomfort has also been reported among some patients. This can be solved through the use of special glare-reducing glasses made exclusively for the purpose of light therapy, but often times those with retinal pathologies, such as glaucoma or cataracts are excluded from studies and are therefore usually excluded from treatment as well (Columbia).Otherwise, with proper medically accepted light therapy devices the side effects are minimal. The acceptance of light therapy has been met with strong opposition. Several factors have affected the widespread use of light therapy as a method for controlling any number of disorders. The cultural stigma attached with any alternative to Western medicine has prevented many people from accepting the treatment as opposed to conventional medicine.Evidence directly linking the method to treating certain cond itions has also been spotty due to the difficulty of finding patients to research and building an experiment that would irrefutably confirm light therapy as a treatment for whatever illness was tested. Finally, the actual treatment itself has kept many people from following through with the recommended dosages. Numerous patients have been reported as quitting treatment because of the length of time commitment necessary or discomfort reported by sitting in front of a bright box for hours on end (Rohan et al, 492).Newer light therapy technologies have been developed that reduce the time required to approximately 15 minutes a day and that have various light spectra that don’t produce glare for the user, but until proper research has been conducted on all of these new methods acceptance of the treatment will remain relatively when compared to modern pharmacological medicines. Applications Numerous studies have been conducted to determine the efficacy of light therapy in treating different disorders. Dementia is a condition that has received the attention of many researchers attempting to discover its root cause and resulting treatment.The irregular sleep patterns observed among patients with dementia has been hypothesized to be corrected with bright light therapy. As explained before, the exact dosage and type of light are yet to be determined but a study by Ancoli-Israel et al measured continuous sleep activity in elderly patients in nursing homes before and after treatments of morning, evening and both morning and evening bright light therapies. A significant change in sleep patterns was exhibited by the morning/evening treatments with no statistically significant changes shown by the singular morning or evening treatments.It was suggested by the authors to increase the ambient levels of light in common areas of the nursing home in order to easily treat the symptoms of sleep disturbance exhibited in patients with mild to severe dementia. Insomnia has also been shown to be treatable with light therapy. It has been documented in treating several types of sleep disorders in patients not afflicted with dementia including delayed sleep phase type patients, advanced sleep phase syndrome and nonentrained sleep and wake disorders (Atwood 53-55).Trials have been more effective in studying the effectiveness of light therapy in patients not suffering from other psychological disorders but the same problems that exist in other studies also exist when studying general sleep disorders. The evidence presented by Ancoli-Israel et al is promising, however a meta-analysis conducted by Skjerve et al has pointed out many of the flaws in the light therapy treated dementia studies and by association many of the other studies conducted by researchers concerning light therapy. First, few of the trials were controlled, inasmuch they can be controlled according to generally accepted standards.All of the studies suffered from a small number of patients in whi ch to research and because of that experienced problems with numerous external variables affecting the results. Practicability of the treatment was not studied in any of the trials. The implementation of light therapy depends largely on the ease of use of the product and a solid body of knowledge associated with it. Proper research, with the exception of the Arconi-Israel et al trial has yet to be conducted on a large scale. Thusly, no conclusive treatment methods can be developed.Before treating for seasonal affective depression and other psychological conditions, light therapy was thought to be effective in treating skin conditions such as psoriasis or skin acne. The treatment is still used to treat patients with psoriasis with limited success but is not as widely used for patients with skin acne. The feasibility of asking people to sit in front of a light box for several hours at a time for a relatively benign issue as skin acne is pointed to as the biggest cause of the ineffecti veness of the treatment. Light therapy is, however, an accepted from of treatment for psoriasis (Psoriasis. org).The type of light in this case involves the use of ultraviolet B rays which can cause skin irritation. Treatment has to be more closely monitored than during light therapy used for SAD. Despite this, UVB rays have been shown to penetrate the skin and affect underlying skin cells, thereby slowing their growth and slowing the process of psoriasis. Light therapy is used more often for the treatment of seasonal affective depression, by far. Research for this type of use far exceeds any other method of treatment. The Society for Light Treatment and Biological Systems advocates the use of light therapy as an effective treatment for the disorder.People suffering from SAD report greatly increased amounts of daily sleep, general state of chronic depression and avoidance of social situations. While many people experience â€Å"the winter blues†, reported to be as much as thr ee times as many people as those with clinical SAD, actual SAD is an extreme level of depression that affects the daily life of those suffering from it (slbtr. org). With the first use of light therapy to treat an engineer suffering from chronic depression on an annual basis to today, light therapy has been used as a significant treatment of the psychological disorder.Unfortunately, despite the use of light therapy for the widespread treatment of SAD, concrete evidence linking it to the effective treatment of the disorder is rare. The same problems afflicting the dementia studies exist in the SAD studies. Development of an acceptable experiment, acquiring suitable patients and the relative difficulty of recording immediate results have all held back the proliferation of the treatment for treating SAD. Conclusion Light therapy, just like most other alternative medical treatments, has had difficulty in developing a solid body of evidence in support of the hypotheses that have been att ached to it.Effective treatment of SAD, some skin disorders and several types of sleep disorders have been shown to be treatable by light therapy. Dementia, other forms of depression and even cancer have been shown to be inconclusively treatable by light therapy. That does not mean, however, that light therapy is not effective in solving issues with anything other than seasonal affective disorder or sleep disorders. Problems of proper experimental method, small amounts of people tested and efficacy of the treatment have impeded light therapy clinical trials.Unfortunately, cultural roadblocks lie in the way of the widespread use of light therapy. Further research of light therapy is necessary in several fields of the subject. First, conclusive evidence of the link between light therapy and its leading treatable syndrome, SAD, is necessary. A proper, supervised and controlled clinical trial must be developed that can be accepted by the peers of those experimenting. Once that is create d, a large number of subjects must be tested in order to prevent external variables from affecting the statistical outcomes of the experiment.Once conclusive evidence is determined on the efficacy of treating SAD with light therapy, further research can be conducted in other treatments such as certain types of skin cancers. As difficult as this may seem by itself, funding is limited for most alternative medical treatments. Funding of the treatment must be acquired in order for light therapy to be proven as a compelling method of treatment. In the meantime, light therapy will continue to be used as a method of treating seasonal affective depression and several types of sleep disorders. References â€Å"ACS :: Light Therapy.† American Cancer Society :: Information and Resources for Cancer: Breast, Colon, Prostate, Lung and Other Forms. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 May 2010. . Ancoli-Israel S, Gehrman P, Martin JL, et al. 2003a. Increased light exposure consolidated sleep and strengthe ns circadian rhythms in sever Alzheimer’s disease patients. Behav. Sleep Med 1. 22-36. â€Å"Light therapy – MayoClinic. com. † Mayo Clinic medical information and tools for healthy living – MayoClinic. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 May 2010. .â€Å"National Psoriasis Foundation – Phototherapy. † National Psoriasis Foundation – National Psoriasis Foundation: Dedicated to finding a cure. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 May 2010. . Physicians, American College of Chest. ACCP Sleep Medicine Board Review 2008:Course Syllabus. 1 ed. Basel: S. Karger Publishing, 2008. Print. â€Å"Q&A on Bright Light Therapy. † Columbia University in the City of New York. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 May 2010. . Rohan, Kelly J. , Kathryn A. Roecklein, Kathryn Tierney Lindsey, Leigh G. Johnson, Robert D.Lippy, Timothy J. Lacy, and Franca B. Barton. â€Å"A Randomized Control Trial of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, Light Therapy and Their Combination for Seasonal Affectiv e Disorder. † Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 75. 3 (2007): 489-500. Print. Skjerve , Arvid , Bjorn Bjorvatn, and Fred Holsten. â€Å"Light Therapy for Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of of Dementia. † International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 19 (2004): 516-522. Print. â€Å"Society for Light Treatment & Biological Rhythms. † Society for Light Treatment & Biological Rhythms. N. p. , n. d. Web. 17 May 2010. .

Nigeria Essay

The Nigerian economy is most definitely a structured political economy similar to that of the United States. The term political economy examines the relationship between politics and economics in modern societies. Specifically, this relationship consists of a key alliance between the government and the economy which are manipulated by the capitalist class in order to serve all of their own interests. The capitalist class however can be further broken down into a ruling class that holds the greatest power ot only among its military governmental branches, but also the business and finance sectors. This is seen in the American society, specifically in the neoliberal policies implemented by the capitalist class system which wishes to privatize and deregulate different markets in order to continue to prosper. Yet, this is not the same as the Nigerian State has ownership over everything. The Nigerian military government and its elite ruling class have come together to create a powerful force hat has exploited people, land, labor, resources and markets. The class structure created by the Nigerian governmental system is the fundamental cause of their peoples’ poverty, and the global political economy produces an increase in unjust social relations in class, race, and even ecological systems. As Nigeria consists of a wealthy class which seeks wealth by any means, it is hard to see how a country like this can evolve much more until corruption is taken out of everyday elationships of the upper class. However, there is great hope at the same time, because Nigeria is a country that has learned to make positive changes and learned from many of these changes, such as the democratization of the Nigerian state. Nigeria has learned to adapt and deal with many of their national issues, therefore if necessary changes are made in order to diversify the wealth produced by the exploited economy. The â€Å"national cake† can be shared to benefit the social order of the society as a whole.

Promotional Strategy Essay

1.1 Background Nowadays, cafà © is one of the most demanded businesses. Cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s business development continues to grow day by day, so differentiation every cafà © has its own advantages. For example, there are cafà © for reading books, watch live music, watch football, meeting, or just as extra facility (such as in the workshop, or in the car saloon), etc. Cafà © taken from French language, that means coffee, but later become a place where people can drink not only coffee but also other beverages. In Indonesia, cafà © means a simple place, but quite interesting where people can also eat. Cafà © regarding to common encyclopedia is a place that serve food and beverages or place used to eat. Cafà © regarding to The New Collins Dictionary & Theosaurus is a cheap restaurant that serving an easy cooked food. Cafà © is a place that similar to restaurant but has a special restriction. From definitions above author conclude that cafà © is a place like restaurant with a smaller scope that s erve food and beverages with variety facilities such as live music or free internet that provided for their customer. Hanging out with friends, or family definitely becoming something that makes us happy. Especially if it is we do in a relaxed atmosphere in a room or a special place. There are several ways you can do to it, especially the design space for a coffee, tea or a chat with the family, namely by: Create a comfortable sofa and put in seating space, the comfort it would certainly have made us feel at home and comfort to sharing stories. Put your stereo or home theater set in the corner of the room, where the sound effects are produced not disturb your ears nor anyone else was in the room. Put some ancillary equipment such as coffee maker, toaster, microwave or dispencer, which makes us easy to have drinks or warm food to be able to linger together. Create the atmosphere is not too bright and exotic with the right lighting. Can be placed lamp or standing lamp and other trinkets enough to read but perfect for hanging out together. If some of above things are done, they may be called a cafà ©. Beside for relaxing and hanging out with friends, cafà © nowadays also become a place to work. University of British Columbia has recently launched a study on the effectiveness of the work based on the level of noise in the workplace. More than 300 participants were asked to complete a series of tasks to test the concentration of thought. At the same time, the noise level in the room is constantly changing, ranging from very quiet until the sounds were deafening. As reported by Genius Beauty, the participants proved to be more easily accomplishing tasks in a room that has a noise level of average sound. Atmosphere in cafà © that were not so quite but not disturb the concentration able to make them more comfortable at the thought. â€Å"And the idea of just wandering off to a cafà © with a notebook and writing and seeing where that takes me for awhile is just bliss† J.K. Rowling (Author of Harry Potter) 1.2 Brief History of Kofielosophy Cafà © Most of restaurans and cafes in Bandung has wi-fi facilities nowadays. One of those cafes is Kofielosophy. It is located in Jl. Anggrek 36. Kofielosophy was established on June 2010. Since the owner of Kofielosophy love to work while relaxing, the owner builds a cafà © that provide food, beverage, entertainment, background music, and also meeting room. There are a lot of cafes in Bandung, which provide wi-fi for work, but there are just a few which provide a meeting room inside the cafà ©, especially in Bandung Central area. What is the atmosphere like? What does Kofielosophy look like i.e.: furniture, lighting, colors, art, etc? its very classy and elegant, relaxed with Indonesian-European sophistication. Kofielosophy have small cool stage on the second floor. This cafà © create a comfortable casual dining experience through their creative walls, woody and white walls with many accecorries , even their staff wear all black uniform And how about the outdoor seating? Kofielosophy concept is all about relaxed dining atmosphere, with back-sound music. Kofielosophy have a soft lounge area for relaxing, bar, and outdoor seating area for dinners, which is great for relaxing lunch in the sun or dinner. They don’t need any air-conditioning because the atmosphere at the location itself is already fresh. The reason why Kofielosophy still stands out is because they are a fresh injection into the Bandung central area scene. And the mission statement of Kofielosophy is relaxed, sophisticated, accessible casual dining, and peacefully working. The author asks to the Koffielosphy’s management about why they build business in Bandung Central area, and asks about are they like the surrounding area. And Koffielosophy’s told that Bandung Central area is sophisticated, neat, and hard working. They feel their cafà © concept goes hand in hand with that environment and suits their patrons perfectly. They also have very lovely neighbors; they all support each other, which are other cafes and restaurants. Even the others had more customers. About the staffs and employees of Koffielosophy, they are dynamic, friendly and of course they wear black shirts. Koffielosophy’s encourage their staff to talk to customers and be educated about its food and beverages and the facilities. Koffielosophy is also offer many else beside food and beverages, Koffielosophy can lease a place on the 2nd floor for family gathering, birthday party, wedding party, karaoke, music events, or watch football. And company meeting, seminar on t he meeting room. 1.3 Problem Identification Kofielosophy cafà © has actually managing its company poorly. It has some problems that need to be fixed. The managements of Kofielosophy are also open for insights and suggestions from visitors. The management of Kofielosophy realized that they are not as good as their other competitors in Bandung such as Bober cafà ©, etc. Therefore they would like to improve theire competitiveness on order to be able to compete with the existing competitors. There are some problems facing in the Kofielosophy, which are: first, the promotional program of the Kofielosophy is not attractive, not creative and not innovative.   In addition, there are some other things have become problems of Kofielosophy, that are the waiters in the cafà © are less communicative and tend to be passive (it means that the waiter at this cafà © is less able to show kindness and friendliness to consumer who come, they are less close to consumers), and then Kofielosophy is less able to care or maintenance of facilities they have (there are some facilities that are not functioning properly). 1.4 Research Objectives This research will be conducted to analyze, observe, and answer the specific problems with a valid method and knowledge. The purposes of this research are: 1. The author wants to find out how the managements of Koffielosophy make strategic breakthrough promotional programs, effective, and efficient. 2. The author wants to know about the service quality improvement of Koffielosophy to increase competitive strength 3. The author wants to help find solutions of problems facing in Koffielosophy The personal objectives are to fulfill the final thesis requirement for the bachelor of management business degree in School of Business and Management ITB, participate in giving ideas and recommendations for development of Koffielosophy, and also gaining experiences on managing a cafà © as basic knowledge for personal future business. Finally after all of the preliminary objectives are met then it will be able to find the gap analysis and the solution which will lead to the conclusion that will show what should the management do to improve the quality of the Koffielosophy Cafà ©. 1.5 Problem Limitation In this final project, there are several limitations of scope did by the researcher; which are the following: 1. The scope of study in this research is to know about the promotional management and promotional strategies improvement of Koffielosophy to increase their competitive strength 2. This research has been limited only to see costumers perceptions of Koffielosphy, and what should Koffielosophy do to attract customers and increase competitive strengths of Koffielosophy 3. The research will be identified through some theories (Literature Study), internal data and some articles/journals, which then saw the real facts on ground like Observaton Jump (Field Observation), In-depth Interview on customers and management of Koffielosophy itself; and the distribution of questionnaires. 4. The spread of the questionnaires only to customers of Koffielosophy, which is located in Jl. Anggrek no 36, Bandung Central Area, as the respondents of this research 5. The analysis result of this research is a case study and based on the situation of surroundings and the date resulted during the research. The observation of this research was done in Koffielosophy that is located in Jl Anggrek no 36, Bandung Central Area. To reduce the possibility of digressing from the topic, the scope of research shall be limited by these specifications: The scope research is only to measure Koffielosophy customer’s perception toward the Koffielosophy’s current management promotions condition, therefore a study of Koffielosophy current internal management is not too necessary. The research and discussion explored is all a customers based problem not the management or the employees of the Koffielosophy. The condition that is discussed in this report is based on the condition of Koffielosophy on the latest February 2013, which was the last month of the observation. 1.6 Research Questions In order to achieve the research objectives, requires some questions according to the author problems are discussed, such as: 1. Who are the potential targets of Koffielosophy? 2. How customer’s perception about the quality of service of Koffielosophy? 3. Who are the competitors of Koffielosophy? 4. What differences of Koffielosophy with their competitors? 5. What should Koffielosophy do (promotional strategies) to attract consumers to come to Koffielosophy? 6. How are the marketing strategies for Koffielosophy? 7. How is the competitive condition? 8. How is the public awareness of Koffelosophy? 9. How to increase the revenue or profit of Koffielosophy? The research questions design will mainly focus on the quality of Koffielosophy management promotions according to the customer’s perception, especially in Bandung Central Area, which in the end will result the perceived management promotion and also how to take back the customers of Koffielosophy. This thing is conducted in order to know what is the current perception about Koffielosophy of the Bandung Central Area’s customers and communities, which will give the management some suggestions, what kind of promotion strategies of Koffielosophy should be improved in order to take back the existing customers in Bandung Central Area and also to create the superior promotion management according to the customers perceptions 1.7 Research Methodology In order to help the researcher collect proper data during the research and investigation, some methods that will be used are: 1. Field Observation (Exploratory Research) Field observation is an observation that the author will do directly to condition around Kofielosophy. The author will observe about five things that related about the research topics, which are based on the facilities; then based on the services; then based on the prices; and then based on the promotions. In field observation, the author can find what the customer’s want and need; and then through the field observation, the author can get some recommendation to the Kofielosophy, especially what should they do for marketing planning in the future. Through the field observation, the author can know about the competition in around Bandung central area, and author can get, which is the key competitor, where SWOT analysis can be used to know how much the condition of music cafà © competition. 2. In-depth Interview (Exploratory Research) In-Depth Interview also belongs to qualitative method. In-Depth interview, we have confidential and secure conversation between the author as the interviewer, and customers as a respondent continually, and management of Kofielosophy. In this method, the interviewer also has to make sure about the topics that are crucial to ask for the reasons of the purpose and the issues of the survey in the conversation and the client have to approve it. The author as researcher hopes they will give the best and honest answers to be considered in applying the Kofielosophy. In addition, the interviewer will also interview the management of Kofielosophy; where the interviewer will get more information’s about the cafà ©. After that, the author will get important variable that can help me to create the questionnaire later. 2. Questionnaire (Descriptive Research) For quantitative research, the primary data collection instrument is the questionnaire. To enhance the analysis and facilitate the classification of responses, into meaningful categories, questionnaire includes both substantive questions that are relevant to the purposes of the study and pertinent demographic questions. Questions can be open-minded (requiring answers in the respondent’s own word) which yield more information but are more difficult to code and analyze, or close-ended (the respondent merely checks the appropriate answer from a list of options) which are limited to the alternative responses provided. And then, all questions in questionnaire are based on the field observation and in-depth interview. 1.8 Report Structure This report structure is discussed here to describe how the research was done in steps; therefore readers will be able to understand the report holistically. This report also consist of chapters explained below: 1. Chapter I: Introduction This chapter explains about the overview; research background, problem statement, research objectives, research questions and research scopes, and the short explanation of research methodology. 2. Chapter II: Theoretical Foundation This chapter explains theoretical foundation from various literatures regarding the subject. It is started with the theoretical concept about marketing generally. 3. Chapter III: Research Methodology This chapter explains detailed methodology use to address the problems, including the research concept, research steps, the research objectives, and also the methods, and data gathering 4. Chapter IV: Data Analysis This Chapter present the data gathered about the company, such as brief history, organizational structure, survey and interview results, also the primary data from the questionnaires spread to customers. 5. Chapter V: Conclusions and Recommendations This chapter incorporates a discussion of the result, a conclusions, and a project for the problem formulated, which is a conclusion about the customers perception toward Kofielosophy, and recommendations to Kofielosophy what should they do in the future planning.

The Nigeria of My Dreams

HOUSE FELLOWSHIP TOPIC: THE NEED TO GO BACK TO THE BIBLE (PART TWO)TEXT JUDGES 27:6, 21:35: JUDE 3-4, 17-23 INTRODUCTION: the challenge to everyone that desires to please God is to go back to the bible. In these last days such an individual must embrace and appreciate biblical standards and against all odds seek to live for God. *Gal. 2:20 WHAT ARE THE GUIDING PRINCIPLES WE NEED TO OBSERVE IF WE MUST GO BACK TO THE BIBLE? * We must have willing hearts. Jere. 29:13 * We must be sincere and acknowledge that the church situation today is not the best. Isa. 8:1-3; 2 cor. 11:28 * There should be deadness to self. Matt 16:24; Mark 8:34, Luke 9:23 * We must allow the Holy Spirit to be enthroned in own heart. Acts 1:8: Jn. 16:13 * There must be a desire to pray. Acts 2:1-2; James 5:16; Mark 1:35 * We must be read y to contend for faith (our belief). 2 Tim. 2: 15; Col. 4:17: Titus 3:8; 1 Tim. 6:12 * We must be ready to seek God. Isa. 55:6; Amos 5:4-14 CONCLUSION We should ask for the old path s and walk in them *(Jere. 6:16) Like Daniel we should purpose in our hearts to follow God’s standards *(Dan. :18) Like Nehemiah we must resolve to build the broken walls in our lives. Like peter and the apostle of old, we must resolve to obey God rather than men. *(Acts 4:19) TOPIC: THE NEED TO GO BACK TO THE BIBLE (PART THREE)(IN THE DEMONSTRATION OF LOVE) TEXT: MATT. 22:34-39; 10:37-39: JOHN 13:34-35; 1COR. 13: 1-13 INTRODUCTION Love as someone once said is wishing your neighbor the highest good. This is what the Bible describes as agape, the ‘God kind of love. This love is selfless, always wishing good to others not minding tribe, age or position. *(James 2: 1-4) WHAT ARE SOME OF THE WAYS WE CAN SHOW OUR LOVE FOR GOD? * We must love God with all our heart. Matt. 22:33; Philemon 5 * We must be obedient to his commandments. John 14: 15; Acts 4:19 * We must be ready to spend our time and resources (Money, Houses, and Cars etc) for Him. Mark 11: 1-6; 14: 12-16; ,Matt. 10-37 WHAT ARE SOME OF THE WAYS WE CAN SHOW OR EXPRESS OUR LOVE TO MEN? * You must be ready to love your neighbor as yourself * Believers must love themselves We should be ready to identify with their physical needs (school fees, clearing of debts, food, clothing, etc). Matt. 25: 31; James 2: 14-17; Acts 2:44; 2 Cor. 5: 8-9 * We should be willing to show mercy towards our neighbours. Pray for them. 1 John 4:7: Philemon 4-6; 2 Tim. 4:5; Col. 4:17; Titus 3:8; 1 Tim. 6:12 Tim. 1:3 * Visitation and word of encouragement could be used. 1 Tim. 1:4 HOW CAN WE MAKE LOVE OUR LIFE STYLE? * Be always conscious that God‘s love is already deposited in you. Rom. 5:5 * We must allow the love to blossom by depending on the Holy Spirit. * We must always have a heart of forgiveness. John 4:7 CONCLUSION effective love is one acted out. Therefore, it is of utmost importance that we demonstrate love in our relationship with people. John 3:16; 1Cor. 13:13 TOPIC: THE NEED TO GO BACK TO THE BIBLE (PA RT 4) (IN THE HOPE OF OUR CALLING) TEXT: JOHN 14:1-3; 1COR. 15:19; EPH. 1: 18: 4:4 INTRODUCTION: The way many believers live and carry on in the present world does not reflect a hope in or an expectation of another kingdom. Many are living so carelessly, forgotten that Jesus will one day call for a harvest of His people.Thess. 4:16-18 WHAT IS THE GUARANTEE THAT THE LORD WILL COME AGAIN? * God’s Himself spoke about the second coming of His son. Jude 14:15 * The Holy Spirit spoke through angels and prophets about the hope of his coming. Acts 1:11 * Jesus himself spoke about his coming. Matt. 25:31-34,24:30 * There are several signs relating to his coming again which have been fulfilled and are being fulfilled. 2Tim 3:1-3; Matt. 24: 12; Luke 18:8 HOW SHOULD THE BELIEVERS PREPARE FOR HIS COMING? * Believers should always be conscious of his coming by living a holy and dedicated life. Heb. 12:14; 1Tim. :11-12 * Believers should avoid compromise. Rom. 12:2 * Believers should always involve themselves in the work of the kingdom- evangelism. Matt. 6:20 * We should not be weary in well doing. Gal. 6:9: phil. 2: 4-5 HOW CAN WE KEEP THE HOPE OF HIS CALLING ALIVE? * We should always bear in mind that we are stranger/pilgrims on earth. Heb. 11:8-10 * We should always remember the word/promise of our lord Jesus concerning his coming. John 14:1-3 * We should always have a focus on the rewards awaiting us his coming. 1 Cor. 2:9 CONCLUSION It is often said that heaven is a prepared place for a prepared people.The believer must deliberately choose the path of holy living bearing in mind that he is a stranger on earth. Titus 2: 11-12 TOPIC: THE CHARACTER STUDY OF JOSEPH TEXT: GEN. 37:25-36, 39:1-23 INTRODUCTION: Joseph was a handsome young man whose character stands out distinctly as one of the purest in all history. He was obedient to parents, God and would not allow the daily temptation from Potiphar’s wife weaken his high morality and his faith in God WHY DID JO SEPH REFUSE POTIPHAR’S WIFE INVITATION TO LIE WITH HER? GEN. 9:7 * Joseph resolved to uphold his virtue and chastity. Gen. 39:7-8 * He saw it as a sin against God and not his master. Gen. 39:9 * Joseph considered who he was, his relationship with God. Gal. 2:20, 1 peter 2:9, Eph. 5:17 * He was watchful so as to foresee danger and escape it. 1 peter 5:8 LESSONS TO BE LEARNT FROM JOSEPH’S EXPERIENCE IN POTIPHAR’S HOUSE * A child of God should Endeavour to maintain moral purity in the face of severe temptation. 1Cor. 9:26-27, 10:21 * Flee from sin and all appearance of evil. 1Cor. 6:18 * We must fear God and determine not to sin against Him in any way. John 2 * Joseph experience shows that God’s blessing go with his people anywhere they go. Gen. 39:2 * The presence of a believer in any establishment should make a difference. Gen. 39: 3 * Learn to handover difficult situations to God. Rom. 12:19 CONCLUSION: It is by the grace of God that we are still strong i n faith. This grace must be jealously guarded, to be able to run the race to the end. The God that enables Joseph to run away from enticement to sin is still alive and ever gracious towards us. There is however, need not to be careless with our Christian faith. 1Cor. 15:52, 1John 3:8TOPIC: THE CHARACTER STUDY OF JOSEPH-JOSEPH IN PRISON TEXT: GEN. 39:21-23, 40:6-8 INTRODUCTION Potiphar’s wife having tried in vain to turn Joseph ungodly through laying with her go him portrayed as an immoral man before her husband. Her husband believed it and Joseph was jailed HOW DID JOSEPH REACT WHEN HE SUFFERED FOR AN OFFENCE HE NEVER COMMITTED? * He did not complain or grumble against God. Isa. 53:7 * Joseph continued to live a life of faithfulness and dedication to God * He left vengeance unto to the Lord. Rom. 12:19 * Like Paul and Silas, he did not allow his heart to be troubled or doubted God because of fear.Acts 16:21 * He did not allow the problem to take him away from his vision and f rom God. 1 Peter 4:16 WHY DID THE KEEPER OF THE PRISON PUT ALL THE PRISONERS IN JOSEPH’S CUSTODY? * God’s favour was with Joseph in the prison. Gen. 39:22 * He saw Joseph as someone who could be trusted with responsibilities. Gen. 39:22-23 * God was in the business; therefore everything went on smoothly in Joseph’s hands. Rom. 8:28 CONCLUSION: In his plight, Joseph continued to live a life of faithfulness and dedication to God. On his part, God granted Joseph favour and turned the imprisonment to be another blessing for him. Peter 5: 10 TOPIC: THE CHARACTER STUDY OF JOSEPH –JOSEPH IN AUTHORITY TEXT: GEN. 41: 1-57 INTRODUCTION God did not remove Joseph from the darkness and the filth of the dungeon. Instead, He was with him right there and blessed all that he did and thus, he continued to a position of trust and responsibility even in prison from where he was enthrone into the throne o honour. HOW DID GOD FULFIL HIS PROMISE IN JOSEPH’S LIFE? * God d ecided to give pharaoh a dream that cannot be interpreted by any man. Gen. 41:8 * God caused Joseph to be remembered by the butler after two years. Gen. 1: 9,12& 13 * God gave Joseph the interpretation and the solution of the dream paved way for Joseph enthronement. Gen. 41: 42-44 It should be noted that God did not use anything outside Joseph, but what is already in him (the gift of dreams and its interpretation) to bring him to the throne of honour. Prov. 18:16 HOW DID JOSEPH REACT TO HIS BRETHREN? * He left vengeance in the hand of God. Rom. 12:19-21 * Joseph saw his plight as a divine purpose for him and his brethren. Gen. 45:5 * His hash reaction was intended to bring them to repentance * He fed his brothers freely despite of their hatred.Gen. 43:23a * Joseph forgave his brethren though it was hard for them to accept. ( this portrays one of the great scene of reconciliation in the history of our faith). Gen. 45:7-8 WHAT WAS JOSPEPH BENEFIT FOR WAITING ON THE LORD? * Joseph was lifted above all his bosses and brethren. Gen. 41-44 * The purpose of God was fulfilled in his life. Gen. 45:7-8 CONCLUSION There is a time set for the deliverance of God’s people. That time will come though it may seem delayed, when it comes, it will definitely be the best time. Heb. 2:3-4, psalm 105: 17-21 TOPIC: HANDING CRISES IN THE HOME (PART ONE)TEXT: Eph 5:21-23, Col 3: 12-25 INTRODUCTON The relationship among family members in many homes today is fast gliding to a state of collapse, the warmth, security and intimacy that home use to prepare is no longer there. Every one seems to be doing his/her own things with little or no regards to how others in the family feel. WHAT IS THE NATURE OF RELATIONSHIP IN AN IDEAL HOME? An ideal home should reflect in the following: 1. Love Rom 13: 8 2. Tolerance Rom 15: 1-3 3. Forgiveness Matt 18: 12-22 4. Provide inspiration for the growth of the family Amos 3: 3, 1 peter 5:6 5.Children born into family are expected to be integrated in to the existing God given culture in a home. Num 25:12-13 CONCLUSION a peaceful and a united home is destiny for greatness. Make your home a godly one. 1 peter 3:7-9 TOPIC: HANDLIN G CRISES IN THE HOME (PART II) TEXT: EPH 5:21-23, COL. 3:12-25 INTRODUCTION The cause of crises in the home varies from one home to the other they all however have common denominations: they create a situation of unease whenever they rear their ugly heads.In part one of this study, we discussed the meaning of crises in the home. In this study we shall be highlighting the common causes of crises in the home. WHAT ARE SOME OF THE COMMON CAUSES OF CRISES IN THE HOME? The common causes of Crises in the home includes * Inability to leave and cleave Gen. 2:23-24 * Usurping of the man’s authority 1 peter. 3:1 * Attitudes towards in-laws’ Gen. 27:46, 28:8-9 * Childlessness 1 sam. 1:6 * Child discipline prov. 22:6 * Family upkeep 1 Tim. 5:8 * Denial of â€Å"bedroom favour† 1 Cor. 7:3-5 * Ext ra-marital affairs 2 Sam 11: 1-3 CONCLUSION A home without Christ must be in crises.Therefore let Christ rules your home to day and peace will overshadow your family. Matt. 11:27-28 TOPIC: HANDING CRISES IN THE HOME (PART3) TEXT: EPH 5: 21- 23 COL 3:12-25 Introduction When crises is allowed to terry long in a home the effect are always disastrous and more difficult to handle. As Christian we are warned never To allow crises to tarry beyond a day In part one and two we discussed the meaning of crises home and the nature of ideal home and common causes of crises in a home.In this study we shall be discussing the effect of crises in a home WHAT ARE SOME OF THE EFFECTS OF CRISES IN A HOME 1. Communication blackout 1peter 2:1 2. Loss of fellowship Isaiah 59:2 James 4:7 3. Weakening of personal and family alter 4. Bitterness –Eph 4:31-32 Conclusion Avoid crises in your home. When it comes do not allow it to settle down before you solve it in agreement with each other aid with God 1 cor. 5:7 TOPIC: LOOKING UNTO JESUS TEXT: HEBREWS 12: 1-3, 1 CORINTHIANS 1:23-25, EPHESIANS 1:9-23Look unto Jesus for leadership and direction, we stumble when we look away from Him and look at ourselves, someone else or the circumstances surrounding us. When we fix our eyes on Him, we receive direction in times of confusion, strength in time of weakness and encouragement in time of discouragement. WHY SHOULD WE LOOK UNTO JESUS * Christ has come to save sinners from their sins and the impending doom. * In Him we live, move and have our being Act 17:28 * Jesus Christ is the way, the truth and the life, and no man can come to God or please Him except through Christ.John 14:6; Hebrews 11:6 * Jesus quickens the believers to be able to live a life pleasing unto God. Phil. 3: 20-21; Col. 2:9-10 * He is the originator and perfecter of our faith. HINDRANCES TO LOOKING UNTO JESUS * Overcharging our hearts with the cares of life and pursuing riches at the expense of our salvation. 1 John 2:15- 17 * Other hindrances include lack and wants, need not met, seemingly unanswered prayers, trials and temptation, afflictions etc To overcome these hindrances, give yourself to prayers and studying God’s word. If problems persist, seek counsel.Be determined to continue to trust in God in face of all odds. If we take our eyes off the lord Jesus, we stumble and if we continue in this condition we fall away from faith Matthew 14:28-31 BENEFITS OF LOOKING UNTO JESUS * Fullness and the power of God in our life. Col. 2:9-10; 1Cor. 1:23-25 * Abundant blessing and spiritual rest. Matthew 11:28; and peace Isaiah 26:3 * Eternal life CONCLUSION Emulate the lord Jesus. The believer stumbles when he looks away from the lord Jesus Christ TOPIC: THE GRACE OF GOD TEXT: 2 CORINTHIAN 12:9 The grace of God is the undeserved favour of God, and this is the very nature of God almighty.John 1:17, Eph. 2:6-8 and in the Old testament God favoured Israel not because of their number but of His graceful nature to be faithful to covenant promises. Gen. 17:1-8 In the New Testament, Gods’ grace is manifested in the giving of His only begotten Son Jesus Christ, on behalf of undeserving sinners Gods’ grace is multiplied to the believers by the Holy Spirit, impacting forgiveness; acceptance and power to do Gods’ will John 3:16 The whole of our Christian life from beginning to the end is dependent on Gods’ grace. 1 Co 15:10 & Phil. 2:13. This favour is given in measuresHOW DOES ONE GET GODS’ GRACE? * As a gift. God gives a measure of grace to unbelievers so that they may be able to believe in Christ Eph. 2: 8-9 * Must be diligently desired& sought, Heb. 4:16 * Humble yourself before God- James 4:6-10 * Studying & obeying the scriptures – John 15: 1-11 * Hearing the preaching of Gods’ word- Tom. 1:16 * Praying- Jude 20 * Fasting- Matt. 4:2, 6:16 * Worshipping Christ – Col. 3:16 * Being continually filled with the Holy Ghost- Eph. 5: 1 8 We can grow in the grace of God. 1 Pet. 1:15 but men can resist (Heb. 12:15) receive in vain (2 Cor. :1) put out (Thes. 5:19) set aside (Gal. 2:21) and abandoned (Gal. 5:4) this grace. SOME BENEFITS OF GODS’ GRACE:- * Enables us to live above sin Rom. 6:20-23 * Obedience Eph. 2:5 * Ability to pray Zach. 12:10 * To grow in Christ 2 Pet. 3:18 * To witness for Christ Acts 4:33 CONCLUSION The grace of God is the foundation of every Christian life and it is adequate Heb. 4:16 for all situations. TOPIC: ROOKED AND BUILT- UP IN HIM TEXT: COL. 2:6-23; EQH. 3:14-19, 4:1-3 To be rooted and built-up in Him means to be firmly fixed and deeply planted and settled in Christ Jesus Col. :7 through the knowledge of the word and will of God and not being able to be tossed to and fro b7 every wind of trial strange doctrines and teachers that lie in wait to deceive. Christ is the foundation into which every born again Christian is rooted Isaiah 28:16; 1 Corinth. 3:11 and therefore we must look unto Him Heb. 132:2 because He is our wisdom, righteousness, sanctification and redemption. 1 Cor. 1:30 HOW CAN WE BE ROOTED IN CHRIST * You must be born again Jn. 1:12; 3:3; Rom. 10:9-10 * You must die and let our roots be established. Except a grain of wheat fall into the earth and dies it abides alone.John 12:24 * Abide in Christ. John 15:5 * Daily desire, search, study, understand, memorize and appropriate the sincere milk of the word of God. 1 Pet. 2:2 HOW TO BE BUILT UP IN CHRIST * Abide in Christ * Abide in His love- love God and love our neighbours. 1 John 3:16-18 * Abide in His word- obey God’s word and live by it. Rom. 10:17 * Set your love and desire on heavenly things. Col. 3: 1-4 * Be prayerful. Luke 18:1; 1Thes. 5: 17 * Not forsaking the assembly of saints. Heb. 10:25 for iron sharpens iron. Prov. 27:17 To be well rooted and built up in Christ avoid sin Eph. :3-7 so that the wrath Of God with cometh to the children of disobedience will not be our lot. Even the so called â€Å"tiny sins† destroy the â€Å"tender grapes† of our spiritual lives (Songs of Solomon 2:15) BENEFITS OF BEING ROOTED A ND BUILT UP IN CHRIST * Daily physical and spiritual nourishment. John 15:5 * We are guaranteed answer to our prayers. John 15:7 * No longer under condemnation. Roman 8:1-2 * We are led by the Holy Spirit and he also makes intercession for us. Roman 8:26 SUMMARY God will cause all who sincerely seek and trust Him to be deeply rooted and abundantly fruitful and our benefits are not only in this world. 2 Cor. 15:19